There is a difference, just subtle, but mostly depend on how well the cat-back exhaust was designed.
The stock exhaust is actually pretty good except with two problems. One is that the area before the valve has a leak so when you are on open valve mode not all exhaust flame will exit through the straight pipe but some enter into the muffler can. Second is the tube ends where they meet with the tips are not fully inserted into the tips so some of the sound exits at the bottom of the car rather than from the back of the car. These are some of the details you should look for on an aftermarket exhaust.